What Is a Functional Group in Chemistry?

What Is a Functional Group in Chemistry?What is a Functional Group in Chemistry? The answer to this question is quite complex. It does not matter how many articles are written on it, it is such a different field of study compared to those in other academic departments.In order to better understand the question, we need to first define what a functional group is. It is an abstract chemical entity, which can exist in more than one place.Some molecules do not form into a part until they interact with a series of forces. Examples of these forces are electrical, magnetic and chemical.The most commonly known functional group is the molecule 'electron'. Molecules like DMSO, NH 4 OH, dichloromethane and triethylamine are commonly referred to as 'substances with two electrons' because they have at least two electrons.However, this chemical fact is a simplification, because if you look closely at a molecule, you will see that there are more molecules, and therefore electrons can also be presen t in higher numbers. In a molecule like the O-H functional group mentioned above, you will see two electrons and three other non-electrons. This makes the total number of electrons to be greater than three. Furthermore, in certain molecules, such as ethyl chloride, methyl chloride and glycerol, there can also be many more non-electrons than electrons.For better understanding, imagine a table, where you have groups that can occupy the same spot, but are not really one group. They can be considered to be separate groups, but are actually part of the same thing.So, what is a Functional Group in Chemistry?It is the smallest single molecule in a group, but in a different phase, not necessarily connected with the rest of the molecules. And, yes, some of them are complex, which is usually needed to distinguish them from other simpler ones. After all, they are a feature of the whole chemical picture.

Exam Day Hints

Exam Day Hints Exam time is here but there’s no need to panic! Our tutors have shared their best exam day tips to get you through this scary time. From everyone at Tutorfair: GOOD LUCK! 1. The night before: go to bed half an hour earlier than usual to wind yourself down ready for a good night’s sleep. 2. In the morning: eat a high protein and complex carbohydrate breakfast. It will release energy  slowly through the day, keeping you alert for your exam. 3. Write a list of anything you wish to take with you to the exam in advance. Forgetting even a small thing, such a pre-exam snack, could throw you off course and add to feelings of nerves. 4. Arrive early to your exam venue and don’t speak about the exam topics with your peers. Last -minute discussions about which topics everyone has focused on won’t help and may panic you. 5. Accept those butterflies in your stomach before the exam! Those feelings of nerves are increasing your heart rate, delivering more oxygen to your brain and keeping you alert. 6. When the examiner announces the start there will be a frantic rustling of papers. Don’t dive in with everyone else: wait for the commotion to die down and then calmly turn over your paper. When you see the questions for the first time, you’ll be quiet and focused instead of panicky. 7. Once  you’ve  warmed up your brain with a few of the easier questions,  consider going to the  end of the paper and working backwards. Doing the harder questions first, when your brain  is fresher, may result in fewer careless mistakes. 8. An old but important favourite: check how many marks are assigned to each question and spend your time accordingly! If it’s a 60-minute exam with 60 marks, you can spend 1 minute on each mark. 9. Jot down any vital equations, facts, quotes or dates at the start while your brain is fresh. As you get more tired you can refer back to them. Anything that takes less than a minute to put down is worth it. Don’t spend too much time though â€" they might not come up. 10. Don’t waste your energy and confidence on a question that feels insurmountable. Circle it and come back to it later. You might figure it out while filling in the rest of your paper; or a later question may even remind you of the answer.

How to start the school year right

How to start the school year right Teachers in many countries across the world go back to school this week and next week. For all of our teachers at home and overseas, good luck in the new school year, and remember these tips to start the year off right!Introduce yourself - Every teacher has a different level of comfort with how familiar they are willing to be with their students, and it’s up to you to decide how much personal information you choose to share with your class. However, letting your students know a little about yourself - your interests and hobbies, what you did with your summer, your pets - can set a welcoming atmosphere and ease first-day jitters for students. Other slightly more unconventional facts about yourself might include your least favorite food, a bad habit you have, or the most interesting place you've ever visited.Get to know your students - Have your students share the above information with you! Icebreaker questions get students smiling and help you learn more about their personalities. For a challenge, ask students to share something unique about themselves that they think is true for only them and no one else in the class. You'll learn which student raises pet tarantulas, which one has twelve brothers and sisters, and which one has a fear of butterflies.Learn names as quickly as possible - Some teachers are better than others when it comes to memorization. During the first few days, use a labeled seating chart and say students’ names out loud every time you speak to them in order to commit them to memory. This is crucial to establishing classroom order.Reinforce your goals - Before your students arrive on the first day of school, remind yourself of your short-term and long-term goals for the school year. Repeat throughout the day, and every day of your first week, in order to maintain the right perspective and outlook for the year.Remember to breathe - The first day of school is hectic for everyone. As a teacher, you might be feeling even more stress than your students. Not only is it your responsibility to ease your students into the new year, but you have the added burden of needing to do so while also setting the tone of your classroom and establishing authority. Not an easy task! Whether you’re teaching kindergarten or high school, don’t let first-day nerves overwhelm you. Take a deep breath and remind yourself that things will have settled down tomorrow.Have your own tips? Share your ideas with us below! We'd love to hear your first-day-of-school classroom activities.

Happy Lantern Festival and the Year of the Tiger

Happy Lantern Festival and the Year of the Tiger We just wanted to wish everyone a Happy Lantern Festival and Year of the Tiger. The Lantern Festival is traditionally the last day of the Chinese New Year Holiday (also known as the Spring Festival Chunjié ??), and it is a festival that is supposed to bring good luck and hope. We hope that everyones 2010 is off to a great start. At italki, were really excited about this year, because there is so much to do. Well be putting a lot of effort this year into improving the site, and building features to make it easier for you to learn a language. Thanks again for being part of the italki community, and well work to make the Year of the Tiger our best year yet. The italki Team Happy Lantern Festival and the Year of the Tiger We just wanted to wish everyone a Happy Lantern Festival and Year of the Tiger. The Lantern Festival is traditionally the last day of the Chinese New Year Holiday (also known as the Spring Festival Chunjié ??), and it is a festival that is supposed to bring good luck and hope. We hope that everyones 2010 is off to a great start. At italki, were really excited about this year, because there is so much to do. Well be putting a lot of effort this year into improving the site, and building features to make it easier for you to learn a language. Thanks again for being part of the italki community, and well work to make the Year of the Tiger our best year yet. The italki Team

Children swiping pages of real books - Tutor Hunt Blog

Children swiping pages of real books Children swiping pages of real books Children swiping pages of real booksSchoolsChildren distressed that they can`t swipe the pages of real books There are numerous reports from teachers at receptions schools and nurseries that children are misunderstanding the basic mechanics of how a book works. Instead of seeking to turn a page in a normal manner, they are attempting to swipe the page left with one finger. The national Union of Teachers (NUT) recently convened at their annual conference, this year held in Brighton, and speakers told of the `disturbing` trend of children thinking books work like tablets and phones, and becoming distressed when the pages refuse to change with a mere finger swipe. Jennifer Bhambri-Lyte, a delegate from North Somerset reminisced about the romance of books themselves - the tactile, physical component that was being lost with the encroaching ubiquity of electronic reading devices: `Kindles and iPads are wonderful things, but many of my friends talked about the smell of a book, finding tickets and receipts that someone had left as a bookmark, echoes of all the people that had been there before.` Ms Bhambri-Lyte said she had been both a nursery and reception teacher, and that she hadn`t yet got used to the new reading habits of her pupils: `I personally still find it disturbing to see a child pick up a book and try to swipe left.` She went on to say that books are expensive, and many families would struggle to afford all the books their children might want. It is understandable then that, with e-books being so much cheaper (many of the classics are completely free) many young children are finding the screen a more familiar sight than the paper page for their reading experiences. Many would say that as long as children are reading, what does it matter if they are using electronic devices, rather than traditional books? A child can easily carry their whole library around with them - whatever mood they are in they will likely have a book available to accommodate it. This can only encourage their reading habits, and who could possibly say that`s a bad thing? The University of Toronto published the results of a study last year, which unfortunately suggested some disturbing facts. Children in the UK under the age of 3 use tablets and smartphones for an average of 44 minutes every day, and the results of the study suggested that, for children aged between 6 months and two years, each 30 minute session of screen time resulted in an increased risk of delayed speech by as much as 49 percent. It is generally accepted that by the age of two or three infants should be communicating using sentences of between three and four words: the study suggested that there was a negative correlation between screen time, and language development. This is the very first study that has suggested smartphones and tablets can have a negative effect on infant linguistic growth. Dr Catherine Birken, staff paediatrician at The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, after commenting on how smartphones and tablets are now an everyday part of modern life, went on to say: `While new pediatric guidelines suggest limiting screen time for babies and toddlers, we believe that the use of smartphones and tablets with young children has become quite common. This is the first study to report an association between handheld screen time and increased risk of expressive language delay.` Dr Birken was adamant, given the seriousness of the findings, the very real negative impact smartphone and tablet use can have on language development, that screen media use should be discouraged in all children younger than 18 months. I know many parents who see tablets and smartphones as a real asset in day to day parenting. My friend has a child whose wailing can only be assuaged by a quick you tube fix - while a colleague with an 18 month old child can always placate them through feeding time with their phone. As regards those children mistakenly swiping paper pages, I feel that this is not a mistake that would be often repeated, and likely stems from there being no books at home at all. Something worth considering is that this generation of children are the first who have had smartphones and tablets in their lives from birth. It is wonderful how naturally children take to new technology - swiping and pressing buttons seems to come naturally to them - but if studies warn us of potential deleterious effects of prolonged exposure, we need to take notice. 23 months ago0Add a Comment

This week on Quizlet National Poetry Day

This week on Quizlet National Poetry Day image via pixabay Today is National Poetry Day: a day to celebrate, read, share, write and discover poetry. This popular genre of literature uses rhythmic qualities of language â€" like meter, alliteration and rhyme â€" to evoke feeling and meaning. There are many different  forms and genres of poetry, including the  sonnet form  (a favorite of  Shakespeares),  epic poetry  (think Homers  Odyssey) and  spoken word  â€" the performance art of poetry read aloud. To take part in National Poetry Day, brush up on your  poetry terms, the basic  elements of poetry, and  renowned poets  along with their most famous works â€" and try your hand at writing your own poem! Quizlet  is the most popular online study service in the US and is used by one in three US college students each month. Its great for college students because it makes it easy to practice and master any subject, from intro foreign languages to organic chemistry.  Quizlet  is available on desktop, iOS and Android.

Organic Chemistry Tutor Power

Organic Chemistry Tutor PowerIf you are a chemistry student who is looking for a reliable and quality online chemistry tutor power you can count on the following in the months of May-June. A few months ago I met with the founder of an online chemistry tutor power called TeacherOnLine. He is the one who made this service possible and he has a great deal of success in the classroom as well as on the internet.It is a big advantage to use the online chemistry tutor power because it is easy to access, but of course you have to be sure that the teacher on line has the ability to answer your questions. If you feel that you can communicate well with the teacher on a line, then the tutor power could be for you. When you choose a chemistry tutor power you should make sure that you understand exactly what they offer. The one disadvantage of using an online chemistry tutor power is that you may not be able to contact them if you get stuck on a question.TeacherOnLine offers some other advantages over the traditional chemistry tutors. Here are just a few of the benefits you will receive when you make the switch:First, you will be able to access the tutor power anytime and anywhere. You don't have to wait for them to contact you or for them to pick up the phone because they have to get to you in order to solve your problem. You can also read notes at your own pace and work on the topic, while you study.Second, you will find that there are many options when you choose to use the tutor power. There are different topics you can choose from, as well as materials that you can study with. You also can set your own pace.Third, you will find that it is easy to read the notes you get from the online chemistry tutor power. You can choose from hundreds of different materials. You will also get access to some of the top-notch resources.Last, the TeacherOnLine tutor power has a big advantage over the rest because it is completely customizable. You can go into details about your interest a nd you can figure out the best materials to study and the best way to apply it in your learning process.

Organic Chemistry Tutor - Jehovahs Witness?

Organic Chemistry Tutor - Jehovah's Witness?A certified organic chemistry tutor is a great source of educational ideas, including chemistry and your child's growth. Learning how to do simple things, such as color in a book, with the kids is important.If you ask your child why he needs to learn the chemical formulas for the different elements, chances are he will tell you that he can't read at all. He knows they are important to the world, but he can't read.Chemicals are chemical formulas of elements which serve as building blocks of all things. There are at least two to three hundred different chemical formulas, depending on what element it is. Elements are arranged into three different categories: The elements are called subatomic or atomic, while the non-element or non-atom is the nucleus or center of a physical object.In our universe, there are a few thousand elements, one hundred and sixty-five of which are used in making life. When a person is born, his or her mother passes on t o them certain information about the chemical formula which is passed along. Based on this information, the person uses those elements to help him or her build their bodies, and the knowledge becomes a part of him or her personality.Once a person understands the chemical formula of an element and has enough knowledge, he or she can think about the color of that element. There are also rules for forming molecules. A molecule is the most important building block of every living thing, which is why those rules have been passed down through generations.All of these rules are just basic building blocks to understand how things work, and what elements are. The elements were not created for us to learn their chemical formulas. They were created by God as the standard by which we should live, which is why chemistry was born.Chemistry is essential for teaching children and teaching them the chemical formulas. Learn the formula, and you will learn how life itself works.

ESOL Learn English Grammar Clauses

ESOL Learn English Grammar Clauses English Grammar Clauses and How to Use Them ChaptersPrepositional PhrasesFour Main Types of English ClausesHow to Use Coordinating ConjunctionsThe Essential Parts of English GrammarNative English speakers do not  consciously consider grammar formulae before speaking. Speakers of other languages, on the other hand, put a great deal of thought into exactly how to structure sentences for maximum  understanding and effect.It is said that those whose native language is English are bad communicators because they tend to not conceive of anyone who could not understand them. However, they learn the same grammar rules and vocabulary that Esl students do.Which grammar rules would those be?Learning the finer points of English grammar can be arduous Source: Pixabay Credit: Kmicican the second part reveals the expected  result.Conditional clauses can be tricky. Even the average native English speaker tends to err in this grammar construction, using the present tense instead of the past tense to express conditional ideas.There are specific rules in using conditional clauses correctly.If you were to memorize them all, you would be an English learning star! Discover more about English verb tenses here.The Relative ClauseThis is a type of dependent clause that is distinguished by a relative pronoun.Relative pronouns include: who, which, where, that, when, and whose.Using our sample sentence for the last time:Sonia let out a whoop when she learned she had scored well on Toefl.Although most relative clauses are used to define or identify the preceding noun, sometimes they are simply used to give more information about the subject:Sonia, who let out a whoop upon learning she did well on Toefl, is passionate about English speaking.You will note that the relative clause is not necessary to understanding this sentence; it is there to provide additional information about the subject, Sonia.Your English teacher most likely has a battery of grammar exercises for you to practice recognising and writing these various types of claus es. However, in case you learn best when studying the language independently, let us point you to some excellent pages.Find out more about English language style and form in our dedicated blog.How to Use Coordinating ConjunctionsCoordinating conjunctions join words, phrases and independent clauses.Find your way around coordinating conjunctions with these helpful tips Source: Pixabay Credit: GeraltAn easy way to remember what words qualify as such conjunctions, simply remember the acronym FANBOYS. For â€" explains a reason or purposeAnd â€" adds one thing to anotherNor â€" presents an alternative negative ideaBut â€" shows contrastOr â€" gives a choiceYet â€" introduces a contrasting ideaSo â€" provides a conclusionAs you learn to speak English, you will be able to include these terms into your spoken English more and more naturally.Check out our blog on words with multiple meanings in English.The Essential Parts of English GrammarEnglish classes that native speakers take in the cour se of their academic career only give minimal focus to these clauses and how to use them.Most people growing up in English speaking countries absorb these rules as a matter of course, while learning to speak their language. It is for those who, like you, are studying English that these rules take on special significance.Your fluency in the language depends on you not only understanding these rules but internalising them and incorporating them in your everyday English usage.Your proficiency in English will be measured in any one (or all three) of the international English language tests. These exams include questions designed to test your knowledge of these aspects of English grammar.We hope that, as you sit through your english courses in london  (or anywhere!) or even work to learn English online, you can refer back to these tutorials as a way to learn English better, faster.